What can we do about toppling? Establishment problems and remedies.

Authors: R. Trewin
Publication: New Zealand Journal of Forestry, Volume N.Z.J.For. 2003, Issue N.Z.J.For. 48(1) 2003, pp 32-37, May 2003
Publisher: New Zealand Institute of Forestry

Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of toppling in New Zealand Pinus radiata plantations. Topics covered include: (1) the value added chain (profitability of stands with less occurrence of toppling); (2) some research on the difference between toppled and stable trees; (3) remedial treatments for toppling; (4) the importance of careful handling; (5) the advantages of using container grown tree stocks and the disadvantages of having poor root structure; (6) planting problems; (7) assessment of planting difficulty and costs; (8) the disadvantages of cost cutting, i.e. retention of labour; (9) the importance of on-site training of planters; (10) the need for training aids for contractors, supervisors and planters; and (11) the importance of quality assurance indicator plots.